Literature - Postmodernism, Economic Domination, and the Function of Art :: Literature Essays Literary Criticism

Postmodernism: Economic Domination and the Function of Art  Does stylish imagination identify with or impact reality? Does workmanship have the ability to recuperate society? These inquiries appear to be certain to Walker Percy's comprehension of writing and craftsmanship by and large. Writing is an idea included procedure worried about correspondence; it selves as an ethical guidepost to laud society just as right it. Writing speaks to and depicts; it presents perusers with a technique for articulating and settling issues in the public arena.    â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â So plainly redescribing a world is the  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â fundamental initial move towards evolving it (Rushdie  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â 18).   Craftsmanship, in one sense, makes its own political plan. Percy seeks after his analytic hypothesis of writing having dealt with the fundamental connection among language and life. Percy appears to respond to the underlying two inquiries presented with a resonating yes.   â â â â â â â â â â The issue of craftsmanship's effect upon a general public isn't exactly so effortlessly settled, be that as it may. Only one out of every odd individual composes or contemplates workmanship with a similar series of expectations. So as to strike at the core of the inquiry what is the reason for workmanship? we should initially distinguish, comprehend and welcome certain key suppositions requests, interceding settings, encompassing the political idea of craftsmanship and the job of the craftsman in true imagination. I might want to outline my conversation inside the clear battle between two ideological settings: innovation and postmodernism. Utilizing Percy's indicative hypothesis of writing to encourage the conversation, we can analyze how modem and postmodern presumptions endeavor to shape the reason for tasteful innovativeness.   â â â â â â â â â â Percy's way to deal with craftsmanship is characteristically present day. He is worried about solidarity and truth and accomplishing them through the innovative procedure. Innovation professes to Speak to some type of ideological supreme, a general quality. All things eventually move to uncover a bound together entire, a universe washed in Truth. Reason is the essential instrument of the innovator. It is advantaged over all other human resources. Reason permits humankind to have information, to know, to acclimatize, to bring together. Truth and information are miserably interlaced. The quest for information is subsequently the quest for truth also. Percy reflects this cutting edge veneration for the intensity of human idea, when he asserts that writing is basically intellectual. Workmanship is a development and expansion of the brain. Workmanship is along these lines effectively engaged with the quest for Truth.

Identifying Infinitive Phrases Exercises and Practice

Recognizing Infinitive Phrases Exercises and Practice An infinitive is a verbalusually gone before by the molecule tothat can work in a sentence as a thing, a descriptive word, or an intensifier. This activity will test your capacity to perceive infinitive expressions and recognize them from prepositional expressions. Directions Each sentence underneath contains at any rate one infinitive expression. A few (yet not the entirety) of the sentences additionally incorporate prepositional expressions starting with to. Distinguish just the infinitive phrase(s) in each sentence, and afterward contrast your reactions and the appropriate responses beneath. More than all else, I needed some time alone to read.My grandma disclosed to me that we have been put on earth to share, to mind, to offer, and to receive.While the train was halted at the station, Bugsy endeavored to move to the highest point of one of the cargo cars.Mama Day advises the residents of the island to tune in to the crows rather than the news announcements. (Gloria Naylor, Mama Day)During the Great Depression, crowds needed to giggle when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six ladies from Wisbech went to the stronghold to do the week by week wash.On the most recent night of the retreat, we needed to sing a melody to end a night that had been especially contacting to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and continued to head to the nation to see his mother.At the finish of their long experience, Lucy and Edmund are informed that they are too old to even consider returning to Narnia again.Within each Ring of Plague Sabine had composed, there was a fini shed variety of forces: one to battle with ice, one to see through soil, one to toss lightning, one to fly, one to blur, one to shrivel, one to inhale fire, one to run like the breeze, one to tunnel, one to see through stone, one to suspend items, and one to push and tie dreams. (Obert Skye, Leven Thumps and the Whispered Secret) Here (in striking print) are the appropriate responses. More than everything else, I needed some time aloneâ to read.My grandma disclosed to me that we have been put on earthâ to share,/ to care,â / to give, andâ to receive.While the train was halted at the station, Bugsy attemptedâ to climbâ to the highest point of one of the cargo cars.Mama Day tells the residents of the islandâ to listenâ to the crows rather than the news announcements. (Gloria Naylor, Mama Day)During the Great Depression, crowds wantedâ to laughâ when they went to the movies.Every Wednesday, six ladies from Wisbech went to the castleâ to do the week by week wash.On the most recent night of the retreat, we wantedâ to sing a songâ / to end an eveningâ that had been especially contacting to us all.The duke left the duchess at a Red Roof Inn and proceededâ to driveâ to the countryâ to see his mother.At the finish of their long experience, Lucy and Edmund are informed that they are too oldâ to returnâ to Narnia again.Within each Ring of Plague Sa bine had sorted out, there was a finished variety of forces: oneâ to battle with ice, oneâ to transparent soil, oneâ to toss lightning, oneâ to fly, oneâ to blur, oneâ to therapist, oneâ to inhale fire, oneâ to run like the breeze, oneâ to tunnel, oneâ to transparent stone, oneâ to suspend objects, and oneâ to push and tie dreams. (Obert Skye, Leven Thumps and the Whispered Secret)

Understanding Male Eating Disorders

Understanding Male Eating Disorders Eating Disorders Print Understanding Male Eating Disorders By Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS facebook twitter linkedin Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, is a certified eating disorders expert and clinical psychologist who provides cognitive behavioral psychotherapy. Learn about our editorial policy Lauren Muhlheim, PsyD, CEDS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 14, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 09, 2019 PeopleImages/Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Symptoms Treatment Diagnosis Awareness and Prevention While once thought to be solely female illnesses, eating disorders are known to afflict people of all genders. Eating disorders are diagnosed in males of all ages ranging from children to older adults. Many researchers believe that male eating disorders we are seeing today are just the tip of the iceberg. Eating disorders in males have not received attention until recently for several reasons which include: The omission of males from research on eating disordersLack of recognition of eating disorder symptoms by males and their family membersBias by professionals leading to less likelihood of eating disorder diagnosis in malesThe stigma associated with males seeking help for what has primarily been seen as a female illnessExclusion of males by eating disorder treatment centersStrongly feminine branding of eating disorder treatment centers (e.g., pink- and flower-dominated décor, no male images on websites and marketing materials)Eating disorders presenting with different symptoms in males than in femalesInadequate attention to male eating disorder behaviors in most eating disorder assessment measuresDiagnostic criteria were gender-biased making it harder for males to be diagnosed. History Eating disorders in males were first noted in 1689 when English physician Richard Morton described two cases of “nervous consumption,” one in a male patient. In 1874, Ernest Charles Lasegue and Sir William Gull made other case reports of males with anorexia nervosa. After these key early cases, males with eating disorders were marginalized, deemed “rare,” and forgotten about until 1972 when Peter Beaumont and colleagues studied anorexia nervosa in male subjects. Until quite recently, males were excluded from most of the treatment studies that led to the development of diagnostic criteria and to treatments for eating disorders. Less than 1 percent  of all eating disorder research focuses specifically on males. Consequently, eating disorders have been viewed through a female lens. Under the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-TR (current until 2013), one key requirement for the diagnosis for anorexia was amenorrhea â€" loss of a menstrual period. Men were physiologically incapable of qualifying for a diagnosis of anorexia nervosa. Imagine that â€" unable to be diagnosed due to an anatomical impossibility! Prevalence The most widely-quoted study estimates that males have a  lifetime prevalence  of 0.3 percent  for anorexia nervosa, 0.5 percent for bulimia nervosa, and 2.0 percent for binge eating disorder. The proportion of total people with eating disorders that are male is not known. Older statistics cite 10 percent, but given the reluctance of males with eating disorders to admit they have a problem and the inability of research to capture male eating disorders, most experts believe it is higher. More recent estimates say anywhere from 20 percent to 25 percent of the total number of people with eating disorders are male. The National Association for Males with Eating Disorders estimates that 25 to 40 percent of people with all eating disorders are males. Among eating disorder diagnoses, males have relatively more representation in binge eating disorder and Avoidant Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID), two newer diagnoses. Estimates indicate that about 40 percent  of people with binge eating disorder are male. In one study of children in a pediatric gastroenterology network, 67 percent of those diagnosed with ARFID were male. Features There are some major differences between male and female eating disorder presentations. Males with eating disorders tend to be older, have greater rates of other psychiatric problems (such as anxiety, depression, and substance use), and engage in more suicidal behaviors than females with eating disorders. Males with eating disorders also have a higher rate of having previously been overweight. Men are less likely to engage in typical purging behaviors and are more likely to use exercise as a compensatory behavior. Finally, because of stigma, males are less likely to seek treatment. When they do, it is often after a long illness and they may thus be sicker and more entrenched in their disorder.   Some researchers propose that the more common presentation of eating disorders in men is muscularity-oriented disordered eating or muscle dysmorphia, initially termed reverse anorexia and sometimes called bigorexia. Muscle dysmorphia is currently technically categorized as a type of body dysmorphia, which itself is a type of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In muscle dysmorphia, the body type desired is not thinner as we see in traditional female anorexia, but bigger and more muscular. This corresponds with the traditional societal view of the ideal male body. The core symptom of muscle dysmorphia is a fear of not being muscular enough. The associated symptomatic behaviors often include compulsive exercise, disordered eating characterized by protein supplementation and dietary restriction, and the use of supplements and performance-enhancing drugs or steroids. It can also include distinct and alternating phases as people vacillate between eating first to increase muscle and then to decrease body fat. Researchers have also observed “cheat meals,” planned high-calorie meals, in the service of this muscular ideal. As with behaviors seen in the more typical female presentation of eating disorders, these behaviors also carry significant medical risks. However, they often fly under the radar as they are commonly believed to be healthy behaviors. One study indicated that as many as 53 percent  of competitive bodybuilders might have muscle dysmorphia. Sexual Orientation A myth is that most males with eating disorders are gay. A frequently cited study in 2007 showed a higher percentage of gay than heterosexual males with diagnoses of anorexia nervosa. Based on this study, it has often been assumed that a male patient with an eating disorder is most likely gay. While there may be relatively more eating disorders in the gay male community, most males with eating disorders are heterosexual. One  study found little connection between sexual orientation and the incidence of eating disorders. Instead, the researchers identified a connection between gender identification and the eating disorder’s expression: those individuals who identified with more feminine gender norms tended to have thinness body concerns, while those who identified with more masculine norms tended towards muscularity concerns. Assessment   All of the various assessment tools commonly used to assess eating disorders were designed for use with females. As a result, they may not adequately identify an eating disorder in a male. For example, the Eating Disorders Inventory includes the item, “I think my thighs are too large.” This item is less likely to be endorsed by males because it does not reflect their body image concerns. The Eating Disorder Assessment for Males, a male-specific assessment tool, (EDAM), is under development. An item that corresponds to the EDI item above might take the form of, “I check my body several times a day for muscularity,”â€" more oriented toward traditional male concerns. The availability of new tools such as the EDAM should help more males get appropriately diagnosed. Treatment There currently exist no specific treatments for eating disorders in males. When males have been included in studies, they seem to respond well to the same treatments that have been successful for females with eating disorders, especially cognitive behavioral therapy for adults and family-based treatment (FBT) for adolescents and young adults. FBT has also been successfully applied to adolescent muscle dysmorphia. Such treatment may focus more on limiting exercise and preventing excessive protein intake than on weight gain. The treatment of male patients should address the stigma of being seen for what is commonly known as a female disorder. Treatment with males often focuses more closely on addressing exercise, which is often the first symptom to present and the last to remit. Find Support From the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs A Word From  Verywell If you or someone you care about is a male with an eating disorder, do not hesitate to seek help. While reaching out for help may seem scary, it is an important first step in overcoming a disorder that can be treated. There are gender-specific organizations, like  the  National Association for Males With Eating Disorders  that can help.